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High Potassium Diet Rich in Spices and Herbs-Salt Substitution (HPSH-SS) for Blood Pressure Reduction in Older Adults: Protocol for Diet Concept and Randomized Controlled Trial

High Potassium Diet Rich in Spices and Herbs-Salt Substitution (HPSH-SS) for Blood Pressure Reduction in Older Adults: Protocol for Diet Concept and Randomized Controlled Trial

Population studies reported that most populations around the world consume less than the recommended intake of K, while unfavorably high sodium (Na) intake remains prevalent globally [4-6]. It is widely known that excessive Na consumption and insufficient K intake play important roles in the pathogenesis of hypertension and are more strongly associated with blood pressure than either Na or K alone [7,8].

Farapti Farapti, Sheila Amara Putri, Annisaa Wulida Furqonia, Purwo Sri Rejeki, Muhammad Miftahussurur

JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e56869

Nutrients and Foods Recommended for Blood Pressure Control on Twitter in Japan: Content Analysis

Nutrients and Foods Recommended for Blood Pressure Control on Twitter in Japan: Content Analysis

A content analysis of 298 tweets related to heart failure and nutrients found tweets mentioning general nutrients, sodium restriction, energy needs, dietary supplements, alcohol, and proteins for heart failure [15]. This study only collected tweets that contained the “#heartfailure” hashtag, which resulted in a limited number of tweets and did not provide a comprehensive understanding of tweets related to nutrients and foods for blood pressure control [15].

Marina Terada, Tsuyoshi Okuhara, Rie Yokota, Takahiro Kiuchi, Kentaro Murakami

J Med Internet Res 2024;26:e49077

The Association Between Borderline Dysnatremia and Perioperative Morbidity and Mortality: Retrospective Cohort Study of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database

The Association Between Borderline Dysnatremia and Perioperative Morbidity and Mortality: Retrospective Cohort Study of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database

Many previous studies investigating patient outcomes categorize sodium levels as hyponatremic (serum sodium concentration less than 135 m Eq/L), eunatremic, and hypernatremic (serum sodium concentration greater than 145 m Eq/L) [1,9-11]. Some studies also identified an increased risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality in hospitalized patients with mild hyponatremia (125-134 m Eq/L) and hypernatremia (146-150 m Eq/L) [12,13].

Jacob H Cole, Krista B Highland, Scott B Hughey, Brendan J O'Shea, Thomas Hauert, Ashton H Goldman, George C Balazs, Gregory J Booth

JMIR Perioper Med 2023;6:e38462

Effectiveness of a Sodium-Reduction Smartphone App and Reduced-Sodium Salt to Lower Sodium Intake in Adults With Hypertension: Findings From the Salt Alternatives Randomized Controlled Trial

Effectiveness of a Sodium-Reduction Smartphone App and Reduced-Sodium Salt to Lower Sodium Intake in Adults With Hypertension: Findings From the Salt Alternatives Randomized Controlled Trial

The relationship between high BP and sodium intake is widely recognized, with long-term reduction of dietary sodium resulting in a decrease in BP regardless of hypertension status, sex, ethnic group, or use of BP-lowering medication [2]. Even modest reductions in BP can have important impacts on population-level morbidity and mortality from CVD [2].

Helen Eyles, Jacqueline Grey, Yannan Jiang, Elaine Umali, Rachael McLean, Lisa Te Morenga, Bruce Neal, Anthony Rodgers, Robert N Doughty, Cliona Ni Mhurchu

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2023;11:e43675

Examining the Individual Response to a Low-Sodium Diet in Patients with Hypertension: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Examining the Individual Response to a Low-Sodium Diet in Patients with Hypertension: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Indeed, among all risk factors for CVD, elevated intake of sodium alone was ranked the 11th most important [4]. The scale of this problem resulted in calls for dietary sodium reduction to be considered a public health priority. Sodium intake is included in the top 5 priority actions for chronic disease control [5]. Despite this effort, daily dietary sodium intake among Americans chronically exceeds recommendations (2300 mg per day).

Jisook Ko, Jing Wang, Misook L Chung, Kumar Sharma

JMIR Res Protoc 2023;12:e39058

Availability, Formulation, Labeling, and Price of Low-sodium Salt Worldwide: Environmental Scan

Availability, Formulation, Labeling, and Price of Low-sodium Salt Worldwide: Environmental Scan

Although the effect of sodium reduction interventions on blood pressure has been demonstrated in controlled research settings, there are few examples of sodium reduction at a population scale [6,7]. Innovative strategies are needed to reduce sodium intake from processed foods, food eaten outside the home, and home cooked foods. Regular salt is about 100% sodium chloride. Low-sodium salt has reduced sodium chloride content, most commonly through substitution with potassium chloride or magnesium sulphate.

Xuejun Yin, Hueiming Liu, Jacqui Webster, Kathy Trieu, Mark D Huffman, J Jaime Miranda, Matti Marklund, Jason H Y Wu, Laura K Cobb, Ka Chun Li, Sallie-Anne Pearson, Bruce Neal, Maoyi Tian

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021;7(7):e27423

Reducing Salt Intake in China with “Action on Salt China” (ASC): Protocol for Campaigns and Randomized Controlled Trials

Reducing Salt Intake in China with “Action on Salt China” (ASC): Protocol for Campaigns and Randomized Controlled Trials

In RIS, the study subjects are restaurants with dish salt content as the primary outcome, which will be evaluated using the average sodium content of the 5 best-selling dishes. At the end of stage 1, the education materials and the effective intervention packages or components will be combined as a scale-up intervention package on salt reduction (SIPS) for broad use at stage 2.

Puhong Zhang, Feng J He, Yuan Li, Changning Li, Jing Wu, Jixiang Ma, Bing Zhang, Huijun Wang, Yinghua Li, Junhua Han, Rong Luo, Jing He, Xian Li, Yu Liu, Changqiong Wang, Monique Tan, Graham A MacGregor, Xinhua Li

JMIR Res Protoc 2020;9(4):e15933

Application of Mobile Health Technologies Aimed at Salt Reduction: Systematic Review

Application of Mobile Health Technologies Aimed at Salt Reduction: Systematic Review

Keywords used in the English database search strategy include the following: mobile phone, cell phone, m Health, text message, personal digital assistants, salt consumption, salt reduction, salt management, sodium intake, sodium restriction, and sodium education. Keywords used in the Chinese database search strategy include the following: “Shou Ji” (mobile phone, cell phone), “Yi Dong Jiang Kang” (m Health), “Yi Dong Yi Liao” (mobile medical), “Yan” (salt), and “Na” (sodium).

Shahmir H Ali, Rong Luo, Yuan Li, Xiangjun Liu, Chengyao Tang, Puhong Zhang

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019;7(4):e13250

Technologies for Innovative Monitoring to Reduce Blood Pressure and Change Lifestyle Using Mobile Phones in Adult and Elderly Populations (TIM Study): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Technologies for Innovative Monitoring to Reduce Blood Pressure and Change Lifestyle Using Mobile Phones in Adult and Elderly Populations (TIM Study): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Messages focus on the adoption of dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH)-type diet, sodium restriction, reduction of alcohol intake, increase of physical activity, weight loss or control, and daily intake of BP-lowering medications. These messages are sent to mobile phones on 4 random business days at random business hours using software developed for the study. There is no contact other than the messages on the mobile phone.

Sandra C C Fuchs, Erno Harzheim, Cirano Iochpe, Caroline N De David, Marcelo R Gonçalves, Guilhermo P Sesin, Cassio M Costa, Leila B Moreira, Flavio D Fuchs

JMIR Res Protoc 2018;7(8):e169

The Development of a Web-Based Program to Reduce Dietary Salt Intake in Schoolchildren: Study Protocol

The Development of a Web-Based Program to Reduce Dietary Salt Intake in Schoolchildren: Study Protocol

While no data for Australian children are available, in Western countries it is estimated that approximately 6% of sodium consumed comes from salt added at the table and 5% is added during cooking [30,36]. Previously, we have shown in Victorian schoolchildren that reported table salt use was related to overall higher salt intake, as measured by 24-hour urinary sodium excretion [37].

Carley Ann Ann Grimes, Alison Booth, Durreajam Khokhar, Madeline West, Claire Margerison, Karen Campbell, Caryl Nowson

JMIR Res Protoc 2017;6(5):e103