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Applications of AI (339) Generative Language Models Including ChatGPT (802) Natural Language Processing (949) Development and Evaluation of Research Methods, Instruments and Tools (800) Digital Health Reporting Standards, Quality and Transparency in e-Research (149) Machine Learning (2223) Focus Groups and Qualitative Research for Human Factors Research (1300) Nursing (140)

Published on in Vol 4 (2025)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/64447, first published .
Large Language Models for Thematic Summarization in Qualitative Health Care Research: Comparative Analysis of Model and Human Performance

Large Language Models for Thematic Summarization in Qualitative Health Care Research: Comparative Analysis of Model and Human Performance

Large Language Models for Thematic Summarization in Qualitative Health Care Research: Comparative Analysis of Model and Human Performance

Authors of this article:

Arturo Castellanos1 Author Orcid Image ;   Haoqiang Jiang2 Author Orcid Image ;   Paulo Gomes3 Author Orcid Image ;   Debra Vander Meer3 Author Orcid Image ;   Alfred Castillo3 Author Orcid Image
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  2. Fehring L, Frings J, Rust P, Kempny C, Thürmann P, Meister S. Extension of the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research Guideline to Large Language Models (COREQ+LLM): Protocol for a Multiphase Study. JMIR Research Protocols 2025;14:e78682 View
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  5. Hairston J, Ranjan R, Lakamana S, Spadaro A, Bozkurt S, Perrone J, Sarker A. Automating inductive thematic analyses of health content using large language models: a proof-of-concept study using social media data. JAMIA Open 2025;8(5) View
  6. Jeong Y, Smith M, Gallo R, Knowlton L, Lin S, Shieh L. Leveraging ChatGPT for thematic analysis of medical best practice advisory data. JAMIA Open 2025;8(5) View
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  9. Wells C, Han A, Joseph N, Varghese C, O’Grady G, Bissett I. Learning from complaints about surgical care: a large language model-assisted sequential methods analysis. BMJ Quality & Safety 2026:bmjqs-2025-019556 View
  10. Lange M, Koutsouleris N, Carter B, Twumasi R. Generating Job Recommendations for People With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder Using Gemini 2.0 Flash and Claude Sonnet 4: An Exploratory Analysis. Healthcare Technology Letters 2026;13(1) View
  11. Marquard J, Martin C, Theesfeld S, Feldmann A, Trofholz A, Wick E, Melton G. Manual vs. AI-Assisted Qualitative Analysis: A Methodological Comparison of Nurse Perspectives on Surgical Recovery. International Journal of Qualitative Methods 2026;25 View
  12. Masukawa K, Sato Y, Kondo U, Ito S. Identifying the Characteristics of Palliative Care Information on Social Media Using a Qualitative and Sentiment Analysis Approach. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® 2026 View
  13. Godby R, Cogan J, Cuker A, Garcia D, Lim M, Masias C, May J, Morton C, Schaefer J, Shah S, Zumberg M, Marshall A. Foundations of systems-based hematology: thematic analysis of expert interviews to guide curriculums and promote growth. Blood Advances 2026;10(6):2038 View

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  2. Bai Y, Gabriel A, Finkelstein J. 2025 IEEE 16th Annual Information Technology, Electronics and Mobile Communication Conference (IEMCON). Human–AI Collaboration Pipeline for Thematic Analysis: Example of VR-Supported Pulmonary Rehabilitation View