Message Humanness as a Predictor of AI’s Perception as Human: Secondary Data Analysis of the HeartBot Study

Haruno Suzuki   ¹ , MS, RN ;   Jingwen Zhang   ² , PhD ;   Diane Dagyong Kim   ² , MA ;   Kenji Sagae   ³ , PhD ;   Holli A DeVon   ⁴ , PhD, RN ;   Yoshimi Fukuoka   ¹ , PhD, RN

¹ Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

² Department of Communication, University of California, Davis, CA, United States

³ Department of Linguistics, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States

⁴ School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States