Deep Learning Estimation of Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second/Forced Vital Capacity and Obstructive Lung Disease Classification From Chest Radiographs With Subgroup Performance Analysis in a North American Cohort: Retrospective Cohort Study

Eptehal Nashnoush   ¹ , BEng, MMA ;   Helen D'Couto   ² , MD ;   Benjamin Fine   ^{1, 3} , SM, MD ;   Leo Anthony Celi   ^{4, 5} , MPH, MD ;   Mohamed Abdalla   ^{1, 6} , PhD

¹ Trillium Health Centre, Mississauga, ON, Canada

² MedStar Health, Washington, DC, MD, United States

³ Department of Medical Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁴ Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States

⁵ Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States

⁶ Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada