Foundation Models and Their Applications in AI

Digital Phenotyping for Detecting Depression Severity in a Large Payor-Provider System: Retrospective Study of Speech and Language Model Performance

Bradley Karlin, Doug Henry, Ryan Anderson, Salvatore Cieri, Michael Aratow, Elizabeth Shriberg, Michelle Hoy

JMIR AI 2025 (Jun 19); 4:e69149

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Supervised Natural Language Processing Classification of Violent Death Narratives: Development and Assessment of a Compact Large Language Model

Susan T Parker

JMIR AI 2025 (Jun 19); 4:e68212

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Large Language Model Architectures in Health Care: Scoping Review of Research Perspectives

Florian Leiser, Richard Guse, Ali Sunyaev

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Jun 19); 27:e70315

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Analysis of the Political Viewpoint of Policy Statements From Professional Medical Organizations Using ChatGPT With GPT-4: Cross-Sectional Study

Ben Knudsen, Amr Madkour, Preetam Cholli, Alyson Haslam, Vinay Prasad

JMIR Form Res 2025 (Jun 13); 9:e66204

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Enhancing Pulmonary Disease Prediction Using Large Language Models With Feature Summarization and Hybrid Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Multicenter Methodological Study Based on Radiology Report

Ronghao Li, Shuai Mao, Congmin Zhu, Yingliang Yang, Chunting Tan, Li Li, Xiangdong Mu, Honglei Liu, Yuqing Yang

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Jun 11); 27:e72638

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A Knowledge-Enhanced Platform (MetaSepsisKnowHub) for Retrieval Augmented Generation–Based Sepsis Heterogeneity and Personalized Management: Development Study

Chi Zhang, Hao Yang, Xingyun Liu, Rongrong Wu, Hui Zong, Erman Wu, Yi Zhou, Jiakun Li, Bairong Shen

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Jun 06); 27:e67201

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Enhancing the Readability of Online Patient Education Materials Using Large Language Models: Cross-Sectional Study

John Will, Mahin Gupta, Jonah Zaretsky, Aliesha Dowlath, Paul Testa, Jonah Feldman

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Jun 04); 27:e69955

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Trajectory-Ordered Objectives for Self-Supervised Representation Learning of Temporal Healthcare Data Using Transformers: Model Development and Evaluation Study

Ali Amirahmadi, Farzaneh Etminani, Jonas Björk, Olle Melander, Mattias Ohlsson

JMIR Med Inform 2025 (Jun 04); 13:e68138

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High-Throughput Phenotyping of the Symptoms of Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias Using Large Language Models: Cross-Sectional Study

You Cheng, Mrunal Malekar, Yingnan He, Apoorva Bommareddy, Colin Magdamo, Arjun Singh, Brandon Westover, Shibani S Mukerji, John Dickson, Sudeshna Das

JMIR AI 2025 (Jun 03); 4:e66926

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Algorithmic Classification of Psychiatric Disorder–Related Spontaneous Communication Using Large Language Model Embeddings: Algorithm Development and Validation

Ryan Allen Shewcraft, John Schwarz, Mariann Micsinai Balan

JMIR AI 2025 (May 30); 4:e67369

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Is This Chatbot Safe and Evidence-Based? A Call for the Critical Evaluation of Generative AI Mental Health Chatbots

Acacia Parks, Eoin Travers, Ramesh Perera-Delcourt, Max Major, Marcos Economides, Phil Mullan

J Particip Med 2025 (May 29); 17:e69534

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Use of ChatGPT for Urinary Symptom Management Among People With Spinal Cord Injury or Disease: Qualitative Study

Bat-Zion Hose, Amanda K Rounds, Ishaan Nandwani, Deanna-Nicole Busog, Traber Davis Giardina, Helen Haskell, Kelly M Smith, Kristen E Miller

JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol 2025 (May 29); 12:e70339

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Large Language Models as a Consulting Hotline for Patients With Breast Cancer and Specialists in China: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study

Hui Liu, Jialun Peng, Lu Li, Ao Deng, XiangXin Huang, Guobing Yin, Haojun Luo

JMIR Med Inform 2025 (May 27); 13:e66429

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Benchmarking the Confidence of Large Language Models in Answering Clinical Questions: Cross-Sectional Evaluation Study

Mahmud Omar, Reem Agbareia, Benjamin S Glicksberg, Girish N Nadkarni, Eyal Klang

JMIR Med Inform 2025 (May 16); 13:e66917

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Patient Triage and Guidance in Emergency Departments Using Large Language Models: Multimetric Study

Chenxu Wang, Fei Wang, Shuhan Li, Qing-wen Ren, Xiaomei Tan, Yaoyu Fu, Di Liu, Guangwu Qian, Yu Cao, Rong Yin, Kang Li

J Med Internet Res 2025 (May 15); 27:e71613

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Breaking Digital Health Barriers Through a Large Language Model–Based Tool for Automated Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Mapping: Development and Validation Study

Meredith CB Adams, Matthew L Perkins, Cody Hudson, Vithal Madhira, Oguz Akbilgic, Da Ma, Robert W Hurley, Umit Topaloglu

J Med Internet Res 2025 (May 15); 27:e69004

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Extracting Multifaceted Characteristics of Patients With Chronic Disease Comorbidity: Framework Development Using Large Language Models

Junyan Zhang, Junchen Zhou, Liqin Zhou, Zhichao Ba

JMIR Med Inform 2025 (May 15); 13:e70096

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AI-Assisted Hypothesis Generation to Address Challenges in Cardiotoxicity Research: Simulation Study Using ChatGPT With GPT-4o

Yilan Li, Tianshu Gu, Chengyuan Yang, Minghui Li, Congyi Wang, Lan Yao, Weikuan Gu, DianJun Sun

J Med Internet Res 2025 (May 15); 27:e66161

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Effectiveness of AI-Driven Conversational Agents in Improving Mental Health Among Young People: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Yi Feng, Yaming Hang, Wenzhi Wu, Xiaohang Song, Xiyao Xiao, Fangbai Dong, Zhihong Qiao

J Med Internet Res 2025 (May 14); 27:e69639

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A Practical Guide and Assessment on Using ChatGPT to Conduct Grounded Theory: Tutorial

Yongjie Yue, Dong Liu, Yilin Lv, Junyi Hao, Peixuan Cui

J Med Internet Res 2025 (May 14); 27:e70122

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