Application of AI Models for Preventing Surgical Complications: Scoping Review of Clinical Readiness and Barriers to Implementation

Kjersti Mevik   ^{1, 2, 3} , MD, PhD ;   Ashenafi Zebene Woldaregay   ⁴ , MSc, PhD ;   Eva Lindell Jonsson   ^{5, 6} , MD, PhD ;   Miguel Tejedor   ^{7, 8} , MSc, PhD ;   Claire Temple-Oberle   ⁵ , MSc, MMEd, MD

¹ Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway

² Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

³ Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway

⁴ The Norwegian Centre for Clinical Artificial Intelligence, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway

⁵ Departments of Surgery and Oncology, Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

⁶ Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

⁷ Technology and AI, Norwegian Centre for E-health Research, Tromsø, Norway

⁸ Department of Mathematics and Statistics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway