Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues in AI

Articles published in 2026 in this theme: 18 (scroll down to load remaining articles)

2026

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Exploring the Ethical and Practical Considerations of Artificial Intelligence in Real-World Health Care Settings: Stakeholder Focus Group Study

Carmen Wendy Ulizio, Devika Dua, Naya Meenkashi Mukul, Santosh Areti, Kristin Kostick-Quenet, Vasiliki Nataly Rahimzadeh

JMIR AI 2026 (Apr 02); 5:e85163

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Legal and Ethical Challenges in Integrating AI Into Clinical Practice: Qualitative Study of Physicians’ Real-World Experiences

Mehrnaz Mostafapour, Jacqueline Fortier, Karen Pacheco, Heather Murray, Gary Garber

JMIR AI 2026 (Mar 31); 5:e82351

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Perspectives on How Sociology Can Advance Theorizing About Human-Chatbot Interaction and Developing Chatbots for Social Good

Celeste Campos-Castillo, Xuan Kang, Linnea I Laestadius

JMIR AI 2026 (Mar 18); 5:e80250

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Disclaimers and Referral Patterns for Medical Advice Across Urgency Levels: Large Language Model Evaluation Study

Florian Reis, Louis Agha-Mir-Salim, Richard Hickstein, Moritz Reis, Sophie K Piper, Felix Balzer, Sebastian Daniel Boie

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Mar 16); 28:e84668

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Important Ethical, Technical, and Epidemiological Considerations in an AI Tool Production (ETEPAI): Scoping Review

Boon How Chew, Kee Yuan Ngiam

JMIR AI 2026 (Mar 05); 5:e80340

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Extrinsic Trust as a Contractual Framework for Accountable AI in Health Care: Viewpoint

Anthony Kelly

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Mar 05); 28:e83903

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The Ethics of Leveraging Routinely Collected Patient Data for AI Development: Mixed Methods Study

Menno T Maris, Joanna E Klopotowska, Ronald Cornet, Mariëtte A Van den Hoven, Joris E Lieverse, Daniel Fernández-Llaneza, Marieke A R Bak, LEAPfROG Consortium

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Mar 02); 28:e79863

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A Pragmatic Framework for Federated Learning Risk and Governance in Academic Medical Centers

Daniel Bottomly, Bridget Barnes, Kuli Mavuwa, Nikki Lee, Holger R Roth, Chester Chen, Shannon K McWeeney

JMIR AI 2026 (Feb 27); 5:e80022

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Anticipating Moral and Economic Considerations, Opportunities, and Potential Frictions for AI in Medical Imaging: Multistakeholder Cocreation Study

Martin Bastiaan Schilder, Alexandra Keyser, Susan van Hees, Alessandro Sbrizzi, Wouter Pieter Christiaan Boon

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Feb 25); 28:e83407

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Patients and Caregivers Leveraging AI to Improve Their Health Care Journey: Case Study and Lessons Learned

Mary Beth Schoening, Dustin Cotliar

J Particip Med 2026 (Feb 20); 18:e69790

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AI-Generated Images of Substance Use and Recovery: Mixed Methods Case Study

Kathryn Heley, Jeffrey K Hom, Linnea Laestadius

JMIR AI 2026 (Feb 19); 5:e81977

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Evaluating Large Language Model–Generated Clinical Summaries Through a Dual-Perspective Framework: Retrospective Observational Study

Brian Han, Traci Barnes, Charitha D Reddy, Andrew Y Shin

JMIR AI 2026 (Feb 10); 5:e85221

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Behavioral Dynamics of AI Trust and Health Care Delays Among Adults: Integrated Cross-Sectional Survey and Agent-Based Modeling Study

Xueyao Cai, Weidong Li, Wenjun Shi, Yuchen Cai, Jianda Zhou

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Feb 03); 28:e82170

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Ethical Knowledge, Challenges, and Institutional Strategies Among Medical AI Developers and Researchers: Focus Group Study

Sophia Fantus, Jinxu Li, Tianci Wang, Lu Tang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Jan 28); 28:e79613

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Mapping Algorithmic Bias in AI-Powered Electrocardiogram Interpretation Across the AI Life Cycle: Protocol for a Scoping Review

Luqman Lawal, Christopher Paton, Mike English, Bruno Holthof, Tabitha Preston

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Jan 20); 15:e82486

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From Agents to Governance: Essential AI Skills for Clinicians in the Large Language Model Era

Weiping Cao, Qing Zhang, Jialin Liu, Siru Liu

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Jan 14); 28:e86550

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Key Information Influencing Patient Decision-Making About AI in Health Care: Survey Experiment Study

Xuan Zhu, Austin M Stroud, Sarah A Minteer, Dong Whi Yoo, Jennifer L Ridgeway, Maryam Mooghali, Jennifer E Miller, Barbara A Barry

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Jan 12); 28:e75615

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Ethical Imperatives for Retrieval-Augmented Generation in Clinical Nursing: Viewpoint on Responsible AI Use

Xinyi Tu, Chenghao Shi, Peilin Qian, Lizhu Wang

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Jan 09); 14:e79922

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